Kidney transplant recipient’s perceptions of blood testing through microsampling and venepuncture
Abstract
A survey of kidney transplant recipients receiving two innovative microsampling methods, dried blood spot and volumetric absorptive microsampling using patient reported methodology. A total of 39 adult transplant patients underwent venepuncture and finger prick-based blood draws on two occasions. They completed a survey of blood test understanding, tolerability, preferences and the burden associated with venepuncture compared with microsampling. A total of 85% of participants (n = 33) preferred finger prick-based sampling and 95% (n = 37) were interested in blood collection using self sampling by finger prick at home; 33% (n = 13) of participants experienced blood test anxiety. To quantify time burden of providing venous samples a total of 44% (n = 17) spent greater than 1 hour to travel and provide venous samples. This study observed a patient preference for microsampling for blood sampling as an alternative to venepuncture in the management of their kidney transplant.
Papers of special note have been highlighted as: • of interest
References
- 1. Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (Kdigo) Transplant Work Group. KDIGO clinical practcie guidelines for the care of kidney transplant recipients. Am. J. Transplant. 9(Suppl. 3), S1–S157 (2009).
- 2. . Therapeutic drug monitoring by dried blood spot: progress to date and future directions. Clin. Pharmacokinet. 53(11), 961–973 (2014).
- 3. A device for dried blood microsampling in quantitative bioanalysis: overcoming the issues associated blood hematocrit. Bioanalysis 7(6), 653–659 (2014).
- 4. . Volumetric absorptive microsampling (VAMS) as an alternative to conventional dried blood spots in the quantification of miltefosine in dried blood samples. J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal. 135, 160–166 (2017).
- 5. . Alternative sampling strategies for the assessment of biomarkers of exposure. Curr. Opin. Toxicol. 4, 43–51 (2017).
- 6. . Volumetric absorptive microsampling: a dried sample collection technique for quantitative bioanalysis. Anal. Chem. 86(16), 8489–8495 (2014).
- 7. . Beyond dried blood spot: current microsampling techniques in the context of biomedical applications. Trends Anal. Chem. 97, 326–332 (2017). • Review of different methods of microsampling and their applications.
- 8. Is there a role for microsampling in antibiotic pharmacokinetic studies? Expert Opin. Drug Metab. Toxicol. 12(6), 601–614 (2016).
- 9. Dried blood spot measurement: application in tacrolimus monitoring using limited sampling strategy and abbreviated AUC estimation. Transpl. Int. 21(2), 140–145 (2008).
- 10. . Clinical validation of simultaneous analysis of tacrolimus, cyclosporine a, and creatinine in dried blood spots in kidney transplant patients. Transplantation 101(7), 1727–1733 (2017).
- 11. . Tacrolimus area under the concentration versus time curve monitoring, using home-based volumetric absorptive capillary microsampling. Ther. Drug Monit. 42(3), 407–414 (2020).
- 12. . Use of DBS sample collection to determine circulating drug concentrations in clinical trials: practicalities and considerations. Bioanalysis 2(8), 1515–1522 (2010). • Use of volumetric absorptive microsamplings with patient survey.
- 13. New South Wales Government Agency for Clinical Innovation. Patient Reported Measures: Outcomes that Matter to Patients (2020). https://aci.health.nsw.gov.au/make-it-happen/prms
- 14. NHS. The Annual Survey of Patient Reported Experience Measures (2020). https://www.renalreg.org/projects/prem/
- 15. . Cost evaluation of dried blood spot home sampling as compared to conventional sampling for therapeutic drug monitoring in children. PLoS ONE 11(12), e0167433 (2016). • Cost evaluation of dried blood spot/home sampling versus conventional sampling.
- 16. . Volumetric absorptive microsampling at home as an alternative tool for the monitoring of HbA1c in diabetes patients. 55(3), 462 (2017).
- 17. . Medication adherence after renal transplantation – a review of the literature. J. Ren. Care 42(4), 239–256 (2016).
- 18. Rurality and other factors associated with adherence to immunosuppressant medications in community-dwelling solid-organ transplant recipients. Res. Social Adm. Pharm. 8(3), 228–239 (2012).
- 19. . Dried matrix spots and clinical elemental analysis. Current status, difficulties, and opportunities. Trends Anal. Chem. 99, 75–87 (2018).
- 20. Leveraging digital health technologies and outpatient sampling in clinical drug development: a Phase I exploratory study. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 105(1), 168–176 (2019).