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Emerging synthetic strategies and pharmacological insights of 1,3,4-thiadiazole derivatives: a comprehensive review

    Davinder Kumar

    Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, India

    ,
    Navidha Aggarwal

    MM College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (deemed to be a university), Mullana, 133207, India

    ,
    Virender Kumar

    Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, India

    ,
    Hitesh Chopra

    Department of Biosciences, Saveetha School of engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical & Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 602105, India

    ,
    Rakesh Kumar Marwaha

    *Author for correspondence:

    E-mail Address: rkmarwaha.mdu@gmail.com

    Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, India

    &
    Rohit Sharma

    **Author for correspondence:

    E-mail Address: rohitsharma@bhu.ac.in

    Department of Rasa Shastra & Bhaishajya Kalpana, Faculty of Ayurveda, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India

    Published Online:https://doi.org/10.4155/fmc-2023-0203

    This review meticulously examines the synthesis techniques for 1,3,4-thiadiazole derivatives, focusing on cyclization, condensation reactions and functional group transformations. It enhances the understanding of these chemical methods that re crucial for tailoring derivative properties and functionalities. This study is considered to be vital for researchers, detailing established effects such as antioxidant, antimicrobial and anticancer activities, and revealing emerging pharmacological potentials such as neuroprotective, antiviral and antidiabetic properties. It also discusses the molecular mechanisms underlying these effects. In addition, this article covers structure–activity relationship studies and computational modelling that are essential for designing potent, selective 1,3,4-thiadiazole compounds. This work lays a foundation for future research and targeted therapeutic development.

    Papers of special note have been highlighted as: • of interest

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