Neurotensins and their therapeutic potential: research field study

Papers of special note have been highlighted as: • of interest; •• of considerable interest

References

• 1. Araki K, Tachibana S, Uchiyama M, Nakajima T, Yasuhara T. Isolation and structure of a new active peptide “Xenopsin” on the smooth muscle, especially on a strip of fundus from a rat stomach, from the skin of Xenopus laevis. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 21(12), 2801–2804 (1973). •• Describes the isolation of xenopsin.
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 2. Carraway R, Leeman SE. The isolation of a new hypotensive peptide, neurotensin, from bovine hypothalami. J. Biol. Chem. 248(19), 6854–6861 (1973). •• First describes the isolation of neurotensin.
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 3. Doulut S, Rodriguez M, Lugrin D et al. Reduced peptide bond pseudopeptide analogues of neurotensin. Pept. Res. 5(1), 30–38 (1992).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 4. Minamino N, Kangawa K, Matsuo H. Neuromedin N: a novel neurotensin-like peptide identified in porcine spinal cord. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 122(2), 542–549 (1984). •• Describes the isolation and identification of neuromedin N.
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 5. Feurle GE. Xenin – a review. Peptides 19(3), 609–615 (1998).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 6. Vincent J-P, Mazella J, Kitabgi P. Neurotensin and neurotensin receptors. Trends Pharmacol. Sci. 20(7), 302–309 (1999).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 7. Wu Z, Martinez-Fong D, Trédaniel J, Forgez P. Neurotensin and its high affinity receptor 1 as a potential pharmacological target in cancer therapy. Front. Endocrinol. 3, 184 (2013).
  MedlineGoogle Scholar
• 8. Nemeroff CB, Osbahr AJ, Manberg PJ, Ervin GN, Prange AJ. Alterations in nociception and body temperature after intracisternal administration of neurotensin, beta-endorphin, other endogenous peptides, and morphine. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 76(10), 5368–5371 (1979).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 9. Dubuc I, Costentin J, Doulut S, Rodriguez M, Martinez J, Kitabgi P. JMV 449: a pseudopeptide analogue of neurotensin-(8–13) with highly potent and long-lasting hypothermic and analgesic effects in the mouse. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 219(2), 327–329 (1992).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 10. Skoog KM, Cain S, Nemeroff C. Centrally administered neurotensin suppresses locomotor hyperactivity induced by d-amphetamine but not by scopolamine or caffeine. Neuropharmacology 25(7), 777–782 (1986).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 11. Carraway R, Leeman SE. The amino acid sequence of a hypothalamic peptide, neurotensin. J. Biol. Chem. 250(5), 1907–1911 (1975). •• Presents a unique amino acid sequence for neurotensin and method for its isolation.
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 12. Sefler AM, He JX, Sawyer TK et al. Design and structure-activity relationships of C-terminal cyclic neurotensin fragment analogs. J. Med. Chem. 38(2), 249–257 (1995).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 13. St-Pierre S, Lalonde J, Gendreau M, Quirion R, Regoli D, Rioux F. Synthesis of peptides by the solid-phase method. 6. Neurotensin, fragments, and analogs. J. Med. Chem. 24(4), 370–376 (1981).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 14. Fanelli R, Floquet N, Besserer-Offroy E et al. Use of molecular modeling to design selective NTS2 neurotensin analogues. J. Med. Chem. 60(8), 3303–3313 (2017).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 15. García-Garayoa E, Maes V, Bläuenstein P. et al. Double-stabilized neurotensin analogues as potential radiopharmaceuticals for NTR-positive tumors. Nucl. Med. Biol. 33(4), 495–503 (2006).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 16. Schindler L, Bernhardt G, Keller M. Modifications at Arg and Ile give neurotensin (8–13) derivatives with high stability and retained NTS1 receptor affinity. ACS Med. Chem. Lett. 10(6), 960–965 (2019).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 17. Kitabgi P, De Nadai F, Rovère C, Bidard JN. Biosynthesis, maturation, release, and degradation of neurotensin and neuromedin N. Ann. NY Acad. Sci. 668(1), 30–42 (1992). • Describes the distribution of immunoreactiive neurotensin (iNT) and neuromedin N (iNN) in peripheral tissues.
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 18. Checler F, Vincent J-P, Kitabgi P. Purification and characterization of a novel neurotensin-degrading peptidase from rat brain synaptic membranes. J. Biol. Chem. 261(24), 11274–11281 (1986). •• First describes the purification and full characterization of a novel neurotensins (NT)-degrading enzyme named neurolysin.
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 19. Mazella J, Botto J-M, Guillemare E, Coppola T, Sarret P, Vincent J-P. Structure, functional expression, and cerebral localization of the levocabastine-sensitive neurotensin/neuromedin N receptor from mouse brain. J. Neurosci. 16(18), 5613–5620 (1996).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 20. Mazella J, Zsürger N, Navarro V et al. The 100-kDa neurotensin receptor is gp95/sortilin, a non-G-protein-coupled receptor. J. Biol. Chem. 273(41), 26273–26276 (1998).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 21. Vita N, Laurent P, Lefort S et al. Cloning and expression of a complementary DNA encoding a high affinity human neurotensin receptor. FEBS Lett. 317(1–2), 139–142 (1993).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 22. Sousbie M, Vivancos Ml, Brouillette RL et al. Structural optimization and characterization of potent analgesic macrocyclic analogues of neurotensin (8–13). J. Med. Chem. 61(16), 7103–7115 (2018).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 23. Kleczkowska P, Lipkowski AW. Neurotensin and neurotensin receptors: characteristic, structure–activity relationship and pain modulation – a review. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 716(1–3), 54–60 (2013).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 24. Mitra SP. Neurotensin and neurotensin receptors in health and diseases: a brief review. Indian J. Biochem. Bio. 54, 7–23 (2017).
  CASGoogle Scholar
• 25. Sundler F, Håkanson R, Hammer RA et al. Immunohistochemical localization of neurotensin in endocrine cells of the gut. Cell Tissue Res. 178, 313–321 (1977).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 26. Ratner C, Skov LJ, Raida Z et al. Effects of peripheral neurotensin on appetite regulation and its role in gastric bypass surgery. Endocrinology 157(9), 3482–3492 (2016).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 27. Hammer RA, Carraway RE, Leeman SE. Elevation of plasma neurotensin – like immunoreactivity after meal. J. Clin. Invest. 70(1), 74–81 (1982).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 28. Fujimura MT, Sakamoto T, Khalil T, Greeley G, Townsend C, Thompson J. Physiological role of neurotensin in gall bladder contraction in dog. Surg. Forum 35, 192–194 (1994).
  Google Scholar
• 29. Anderson S, Rosell S, Hjelenquist U, Chang D, Folkers K. Inhibition of gastric and intestinal motor activity in dogs by neurotensin. Acta Physiol. Scand. 100(2), 231–235 (1977).
  MedlineGoogle Scholar
• 30. Degolier TF, Place AR, Duke GE, Carraway RE. Neurotensin modulates the composition of pancreatic exocrine secretion in chicken. J. Exp. Zool. 283(4–5), 455–462 (1999).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 31. Gui X, Carraway RE. Enhancement of jejunal absorption of conjugated bile acid by neurotensin in rats. Gastroentrology 120(1), 151–160 (2001).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 32. Anderson S, Rosell S, Hjelenquist U, Chang D, Folkers K. Inhibition of gastric and intestinal motor activity in dogs by neurotensin. Acta Physiol. Scand. 100(2), 231–235 (1977).
  MedlineGoogle Scholar
• 33. Qui S, Pellino G, Fiorentino F et al. A review of the role on neurotensin and its receptors in colorectal cancer. Gastroent. Res. Pract. 2017, Art. ID 6456257, 8 (2017).
  Google Scholar
• 34. Maoret JJ, Anini Y, Rouyer-Fessard C, Gully D, Laburthe M. Neurotensin and a nonpeptide neurotensin receptor antagonist control human colon cancer cell growth in cell culture and in cells xenografted into nude mice. Int. J. Cancer 80(3), 448–454 (1999).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 35. Alshoukr F, Rosant C, Maes V et al. Novel neurotensin analogues for radioisotope targeting to neurotensin receptor-positive tumors. Bioconjugate Chem. 20(8), 1602–1610 (2009).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 36. Wu Z, Li L, Liu S et al. Facile preparation of a thio-reactive (18)F-labeling agent and synthesis of (18)F-DEG-VS-NT for PET imaging of a neurotensin receptor-positive tumor. J. Nucl. Med. 55(7), 1178–1184 (2014).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 37. Garcia-Garayoa E, Blauenstein P, Blanc A, Maes V, Tourwe D, Schubinger PA. A stable neurotensin-based radiopharmaceutical for targeted imaging and therapy of neurotensin receptor-positive tumors. Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. I. 36(1), 37–47 (2009).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 38. Sgourakis G, Papapanagiotou A, Kontovounisios C et al. The combined use of serum neurotensin and IL-8 as screening markers for colorectal cancer. Tumor Biol. 35(6), 5993–6002 (2014).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 39. Levy A, Gal R, Granoth R, Dreznik Z, Fridkin M, Gozes I. In vitro and in vivo treatment of colon cancer by VIP antagonists. Regul. Pept. 109(1–3), 127–133 (2002).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 40. Iwase K, Evers BM, Hellmich MR et al. Indirect inhibitory effect of a neurotensin receptor antagonist on human colon cancer (LoVo) growth. Surg. Oncol. 5(5–6), 245–251 (1996).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 41. Liu J, Agopiantz M, Poupon J et al. Neurotensin receptor 1 antagonist SR-48692 improves response to carboplatin by enhancing apoptosis and inhibiting drug efflux in ovarian cancer. Clin. Cancer Res. 23(21), 6516–6528 (2017).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 42. Clineschmidt BV, McGuffin JC. Neurotensin administered intracisternally inhibits responsiveness of mice to noxious stimuli. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 46(4), 395–396 (1977).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 43. Clineschmidt BV, McGuffin JC, Bunting PB. Neurotensin: antinocisponsive action in rodents. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 54(1–2), 129–139 (1979).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 44. Binder EB, Kinkead B, Owens MJ, Nemeroff CB. Neurotensin and dopamine interactions. Pharmacol. Rev. 53(4), 453–486 (2001).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 45. Boules M, Shaw A, Liang Y, Barbut D, Richelson E. NT69L, a novel analgesic, shows synergy with morphine. Brain Res. 1294, 22–28 (2009).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 46. Dobner PR. Neurotensin and pain modulation. Peptides 27(10), 2405–2414 (2006).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 47. Boules M, Netz R, Fredrickson PA, Richelson E. A neurotensin analog blocks cocaine-conditioned place preference and reinstatement. Behav. Pharmacol. 27(2), 236–239 (2016).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 48. Simeth NA, Bause M, Dobmeier M et al. NTS2-selective neurotensin mimetics with tetrahydrofuran amino acids. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 25(1), 350–359 (2017).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 49. Dupouy S, Mourra N, Doan VK, Gompel A, Alifano M, Forgez P. The potential use of the neurotensin high affinity receptor 1 as a biomarker for cancer progression and as a component of personalized medicine in selective cancers. Biochimie 93(9), 1369–1378 (2011).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 50. Thomas RP, Hellmich MR, Townsend CM Jr, Evers BM. Role of gastrointestinal hormones in the proliferation of normal and neoplastic tissues. Endocr. Rev. 24(5), 571–599 (2003).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 51. Lazarova M, Popatanasov A, Klissurov R et al. Preventive effect of two new neurotensin analogues on Parkinson's disease rat model. J. Mol. Neurosci. 66(4), 552–560 (2018).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 52. Griebel G, Holsboer F. Neuropeptide receptor ligands as drugs for psychiatric diseases: the end of the beginning? Nat. Rev. Drug Discov. 11(6), 462–478 (2012).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 53. Reubi J, Waser B, Friess H, Büchler M, Laissue J. Neurotensin receptors: a new marker for human ductal pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Gut 42(4), 546–550 (1998).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 54. Reubi JC, Waser B, Schaer JC, Laissue JA. Neurotensin receptors in human neoplasms: high incidence in Ewing's sarcomas. Int. J. Cancer 82(2), 213–218 (1999).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 55. Souazé F, Dupouy S, Viardot-Foucault V et al. Expression of neurotensin and NT1 receptor in human breast cancer: a potential role in tumor progression. Cancer Res. 66(12), 6243–6249 (2006).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 56. Maoret J-J, Pospai D, Rouyer-Fessard C et al. Neurotensin receptor and its mRNA are expressed in many human colon cancer cell lines but not in normal colonic epithelium: binding studies and RT-PCR experiments. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 203(1), 465–471 (1994).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 57. Brouillette RL, Besserer-Offroy E, Mona CE et al. Cell-penetrating pepducins targeting the neurotensin receptor type 1 relieve pain. Pharmacol. Res. 155, 104750 (2020).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 58. Osadchii OE. Emerging role of neurotensin in regulation of the cardiovascular system. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 762, 184–192 (2015).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 59. Bissette G, Nemeroff CB, Loosen PT, Prange AJ, Lipton MA. Hypothermia and intolerance to cold induced by intracisternal administration of the hypothalamic peptide neurotensin. Nature 262(5569), 607–609 (1976). • In this paper are investigated the effects of centrally administered neurotensin on thermoregulation.
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 60. Tabarean I. Neurotensin induces hypothermia by activation both neuronal neurotensin receptor 1 and astrocytic neurotensin receptor 2 in the median preoptic nucleus. Neuropharmacology 171, 108069 (2020).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 61. Vadine CA, Ayers-Ringler J, Oliveros A et al. Antipsychotic-like effects of a neurotensin receptor type 1 agonist. Behav. Brain Res. 305, 8–17 (2016).
  MedlineGoogle Scholar
• 62. Ferraro L, Beggiato S, Borroto-Escuela DO et al. Neurotensin NTS1-dopamine D2 receptor-receptor interactions in putative receptor heteromers: relevance for Parkinson's disease and schizophrenia. Curr. Protein Pept. Sci. 15(7), 681–690 (2014).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 63. Einsiedel J, Held C, Hervet M et al. Discovery of highly potent and neurotensin receptor 2 selective neurotensin mimetics. J. Med. Chem. 54(8), 2915–2923 (2011).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 64. Thomas JB, Giddings AM, Wiethe RW et al. Identification of N-[(5-{[(4-methylphenyl) sulfonyl] amino}-3-(trifluoroacetyl)-1 H-indol-1-yl) acetyl]-L-leucine (NTRC-824), a neurotensin-like nonpeptide compound selective for the neurotensin receptor type 2. J. Med. Chem. 57(17), 7472–7477 (2014).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 65. Garlow SJ, Boone E, Kinkead B, Nemeroff CB. Genetic analysis of the hypothalamic neurotensin system. Neuropsychopharmacology 31(3), 535–543 (2006).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 66. Mazella J, Vincent J-P. Functional roles of the NTS2 and NTS3 receptors. Peptides 27(10), 2469–2475 (2006).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 67. Kim JT, Napier DL, Weiss HL, Lee EY, Townsend CM, Evers BM. Neurotensin receptor 3/sortilin contributes to tumorigenesis of neuroendocrine tumors through augmentation of cell adhesion and migration. Neoplasia 20(2), 175–181 (2018).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 68. White JF, Noinaj N, Shibata Y et al. Structure of the agonist-bound neurotensin receptor. Nature 490(7421), 508–513 (2012).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 69. Schaab C, Kling RC, Einsiedel J et al. Structure-based evolution of subtype-selective neurotensin receptor ligands. ChemistryOpen 3(5), 206–218 (2014).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 70. Quistgaard EM, Madsen P, Grøftehauge MK, Nissen P, Petersen CM, Thirup SS. Ligands bind to sortilin in the tunnel of a ten-bladed β-propeller domain. Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol. 16(1), 96–98 (2009).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 71. Tanaka K, Masu M, Nakanishi S. Structure and functional expression of the cloned rat neurotensin receptor. Neuron 4(6), 847–854 (1990).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 72. Hou T, Shi L, Wang J et al. Label-free cell phenotypic profiling and pathway deconvolution of neurotensin receptor 1. Pharmacol. Res. 108, 39–45 (2016).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 73. Turner JT, James-Kracke MR, Camden JM. Regulation of the neurotensin receptor and intracellular calcium mobilization in HT29 cells. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 253(3), 1049–1056 (1990).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 74. Wang H-L, Wu T. G_αq11 mediates neurotensin excitation of substantia nigra dopaminergic neurons. Mol. Brain Res. 36(1), 29–36 (1996).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 75. Guha S, Lunn JA, Santiskulvong C, Rozengurt E. Neurotensin stimulates protein kinase C-dependent mitogenic signaling in human pancreatic carcinoma cell line PANC-1. Cancer Res. 63(10), 2379–2387 (2003).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 76. Zhao D, Kuhnt-Moore S, Zeng H, Wu JS, Moyer MP, Pothoulakis C. Neurotensin stimulates IL-8 expression in human colonic epithelial cells through Rho GTPase-mediated NF-κB pathways. Am. J. Physiol. Cell Physiol. 284(6), C1397–C1404 (2003).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 77. St-Gelais F, Jomphe C, Trudeau L-É. The role of neurotensin in central nervous system pathophysiology: what is the evidence? J. Psychiatry Neurosci. 31(4), 229–245 (2006).
  MedlineGoogle Scholar
• 78. Bird JL, Simpson R, Vllasaliu D, Goddard AD. Neurotensin receptor 1 facilitates intracellular and transepithelial delivery of macromolecules. Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm. 119, 300–309 (2017).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 79. Chalon P, Vita N, Kaghad M et al. Molecular cloning of a levocabastine-sensitive neurotensin binding site. FEBS Lett. 386(2–3), 91–94 (1996).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 80. Schotte A, Leysen J, Laduron P. Evidence for a displaceable nonspecific [3H] neurotensin binding site in rat brain. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch. Pharmacol. 333(4), 400–405 (1986).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 81. Botto JM, Guillemare E, Vincent JP, Mazella J. Effects of SR 48692 on neurotensin-induced calcium-activated chloride currents in the Xenopus oocyte expression system: agonist-like activity on the levocabastine-sensitive neurotensin receptor and absence of antagonist effect on the levocabastine insensitive neurotensin receptor. Neurosci. Lett. 223(3), 193–196 (1997).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 82. Gendron L, Perron A, Payet MD, Gallo-Payet N, Sarret P, Beaudet A. Low-affinity neurotensin receptor (NTS2) signaling: internalization-dependent activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2. Mol. Pharmacol. 66(6), 1421–1430 (2004).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 83. Dicou E. Neurotensin protects pancreatic beta cells from serum deprivation. Arch. Physiol. Biochem. 114(5), 299–300 (2008).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 84. Martin S, Vincent J-P, Mazella J. Involvement of the neurotensin receptor-3 in the neurotensin-induced migration of human microglia. J. Neurosci. 23(4), 1198–1205 (2003).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 85. Yeung AWK, Georgieva MG, Atanasov AG, Tzvetkov NT. Monoamine oxidases (MAOs) as privileged molecular targets in neuroscience: research literature analysis. Front. Mol. Neurosci. 12, 143 (2019).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 86. Yeung AWK, Tzvetkov NT, Gupta VK et al. Current research in biotechnology: exploring the biotech forefront. Curr. Res. Biotechnol. 1, 34–40 (2019).
  Google Scholar
• 87. Yeung AWK, Tzvetkov NT, Jóźwik A et al. Food toxicology: quantitative analysis of the research field literature. Int. J. Food Sci. Nutr. 71(1), 13–21 (2020).
  MedlineGoogle Scholar
• 88. Yeung AWK, Tzvetkov NT, El-Tawil OS, Bungǎu SG, Abdel-Daim MM, Atanasov AG. Antioxidants: scientific literature landscape analysis. Oxid. Med. Cell. Longev. 2019, 8278454 (2019).
  MedlineGoogle Scholar
• 89. Durazzo A, Lucarini M, Souto EB et al. Polyphenols: a concise overview on the chemistry, occurence, and human health. Phytother. Res. 33(9), 2221–2243 (2019).
  MedlineGoogle Scholar
• 90. Durazzo A, Lucarini M. Extractable and non-extractable antioxidants. Molecules 24(10), 1933 (2019).
  CASGoogle Scholar
• 91. Yeung AWK, Heinrich M, Atanasov AG. Ethnopharmacology – a bibliometric analysis of a field of research meandering between medicine and food science? Front. Pharmacol. 9, 215 (2018).
  MedlineGoogle Scholar
• 92. Yeung AWK, Mocan A, Atanasov AG. Let food be thy medicine and medicine be thy food: a bibliometric analysis of the most cited papers focusing on nutraceuticals and functional foods. Food Chem. 269, 455–465 (2018).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 93. Santini A, Novellino E. Nutraceuticals: beyound the diet before the drugs. Curr. Bioact. Compd 10(1), 1–12 (2014).
  CASGoogle Scholar
• 94. Yeung AWK, Tzvetkov NT, Atanasov AG. When neuroscience meets pharmacology: a neuropharmacology literature analysis. Front. Neurosci. 12, 852 (2018).
  MedlineGoogle Scholar
• 95. Daliu P, Santini A, Novellino E. From pharmaceuticals to nutraceuticlas: bridging disease prevention and management. Expert Rev. Clin. Pharmacol. 12(1), 1–7 (2019).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 96. van Eck NJ, Waltman L. Software survey: VOSviewer, a computer program for bibliometric mapping. Scientometrics 84(2), 523–538 (2009).
  MedlineGoogle Scholar
• 97. Donoghue M, Hsieh F, Baronas E et al. A novel angiotensin-converting enzyme–related carboxypeptidase (ACE2) converts angiotensin I to angiotensin 1–9. Circ. Res. 87(5), e1–e9 (2000).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 98. Crocker SJ, Smith PD, Jackson-Lewis V et al. Inhibition of calpains prevents neuronal and behavioral deficits in an MPTP mouse model of Parkinson's disease. J. Neurosci. 23(10), 4081–4091 (2003).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 99. Jansen K, Faull R, Dragunow M, Synek B. Alzheimer's disease: changes in hippocampal N-methyl-d-aspartate, quisqualate, neurotensin, adenosine, benzodiazepine, serotonin and opioid receptors – an autoradiographic study. Neuroscience 39(3), 613–627 (1990).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 100. Yeung AWK, Tzvetkov NT, Arkells N et al. Molecular neuroscience at its “high”: bibliometric analysis of the most cited papers on endocannabinoid system, cannabis and cannabinoids. J. Cannabis Res. 1(1), 4 (2019).
  MedlineGoogle Scholar
• 101. River C, Brown M, Vale W. Effect of neurotensin, substance P and morphine sulfate on the secretion of propactin and growth hormone in the rat. Endocrinology 100(3), 751–754 (1977). • Provides investigations of the action of neurotensin and substance P in comparison to morphine on the in vivo secretion of prolactin and growth chormone.
  MedlineGoogle Scholar
• 102. Vijayan E, McCann SM. In vivo and in vitro effects of substance P and neurotensin on gonadotropin and prolactin release. Endocrinology 105(1), 64–68 (1979).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 103. Kobayashi EM, Brown M, Vale W. Regional distribution of neurotensin and somatostatin in rat brain. Brain Res. 126(3), 584–588 (1977).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 104. Iversen LL, Iversen SD, Bloom F, Douglas C, Brown M, Vale W. Calcium-dependent release of somatostatin and neurotensin from rat brain in vitro. Nature 273, 161–163 (1978).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 105. Singh LK, Pang X, Alexacos N, Letourneau R, Theoharides TC. Acute immobilization stress triggers skin mast cell degranulation via corticotropin releasing hormone, neurotensin, and substance P: a link to neurogenic skin disorders. Brain Behav. Immun. 13(3), 225–239 (1999).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 106. Palacios JM, Kuhar MJ. Neurotensin receptors are located on dopamine-containing neurons in rat midbrain. Nature 294, 587–589 (1981).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 107. Diaz J, Lévesque D, Lammers CH et al. Phenotypical characterization of neurons expressing the dopamine D₃ receptor in the rat brain. Neuroscience 65(3), 731–745 (1995).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 108. Egloff P, Hillenbrand M, Klenk C et al. Structure of signaling-competent neurotensin receptor 1 by directed evolution in Escherichia coli. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 111(6), E655–E662 (2014).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 109. Li J, Song J, Zaytseva YY et al. An obligatory role for neurotensin in high-fat-diet-induced obesity. Nature 533, 411–415 (2016).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 110. Svendsen B, Pedersen J, Albrechtsen NJW et al. An analysis of cosecretion and coexpression of gut hormones from male rat proximal and sistal small intestine. Endocrinology 156(3), 847–857 (2015).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 111. Checler F. Experimental stroke: neurolysin back on stage. J. Neurochem. 129, 1–3 (2014).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 112. Checler F, Ferro ES. Neurolysin: from initial detection to latest advances. Neurochem. Res. 43, 2017–2024 (2018).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 113. Paschoalin T, Carmona AK, Rodrigues EG et al. Characterization of thimet oligopeptidase and neurolysin activates in B16F10-nex2 tumor cells and their involvement in angiogenesis and tumor growth. Mol. Cancer 6, 44 (2007).
  MedlineGoogle Scholar
• 114. Haba K, Ogawa N, Asanuma M, Hirata H, Sora YH, Mori A. Changes of neuropeptides and their receptors in experimental stroke gerbil brains. J. Neurol. Sci. 108(1), 88–92 (1992).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 115. Albert-Wetßenberger C, Sirén A-L, Kleinschnitz C. Ischemic stroke and traumatic brain injury: the role of the kallikrein-kini system. Prog. Neurobiol. 101–102, 65–82 (2013).
  MedlineGoogle Scholar
• 116. Nikolaou S, Qui S, Fiorentino F et al. The role of neurotensin and its receptors in nongastrointestinal cancers: a review. Cell Commun. Signal. 18(68), 1–10 (2020).
  MedlineGoogle Scholar
• 117. Gromova P, Rubin BP, Thys A et al. Neurotensin receptor 1 is expressed in gastrointestinal stromal tumors but not in interstitial cells of cajal. PLoS ONE 6(2), e14710 (2020).
  Google Scholar
• 118. Huang W, Masureel M, Qu Q et al. Structure of the neurotensin receptor 1 in complex with β-arrestin 1. Nature 573, 303–308 (2020).
  Google Scholar
• 119. Bumbak F, Thomas T, Noonan-Williams BJ et al. Conformational changes in tyrosine 11 of neurotensin are required to activate the neurotensin receptor 1. ACS Pharmacol. Transl. Sci. 3(4), 690–705 (2020).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 120. Machida R, Tokumura T, Tsuchiya Y, Sasaki A, Abe K. Pharmacokinetics of novel hexapeptides with neurotensin activity in rats. Biol. Pharm. Bull. 16(1), 43–47 (1993).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 121. McMahon BM, Boules M, Warrington L, Richelson E. Neurotensin analogs indications for use as potential antipsychotic compounds. Life Sci. 70(10), 1101–1119 (2002).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 122. Tyler BM, Douglas CL, Fauq A et al. In vitro binding and CNS effects of novel neurotensin agonists that cross the blood–brain barrier. Neuropharmacology 38(7), 1027–1034 (1999).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 123. Cusack B, Boules M, Tyler BM, Fauq A, McCormick DJ, Richelson E. Effects of a novel neurotensin peptide analog given extracranially on CNS behaviors mediated by apomorphine and haloperidol. Brain Res. 856, 48–54 (2000).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 124. Tyler-McMahon BM, Stewart JA, Farinas F, McCormick DJ, Richelson E. Highly potent neurotensin analog that causes hypothermia and antinociception. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 390, 107–111 (2000).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 125. Devader C, Béraud-Dufour S, Coppola T, Mazella J. The anti-apoptotic role of neurotensin. Cells 2(1), 124–135 (2013).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 126. Bourcier T, Rondeau N, Paquet S et al. Expression of neurotensin receptors in human corneal keratocytes. IOVS 43, 1765–1771 (2002).
  MedlineGoogle Scholar
• 127. Choi KE, Hall Cl, Sun JM et al. A novel stroke therapy of pharmacologically induced hypothermia after focal cerebral ischemia in mice. FASEB J. 26(7), 2799–2810 (2012).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 128. Fanelli R, Floquet N, Besserer-Offroy É et al. Use of molecular modeling to design selective NTS2 neurotensin analogues. J. Med. Chem. 60(8), 3303–3313 (2017).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 129. Wustrow DJ, Davis MD, Akunne HC et al. Reduced amide bond neurotensin 8–13 mimetics with potent in vivo activity. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 5(9), 997–1002 (1995).
  CASGoogle Scholar
• 130. Keller N, Kuhn KK, Einsiedel J et al. Mimicking of arginine by functionalized Nω-carbamoylated arginine as a new broadly applicable approach to labeled bioactive peptides: high affinity angiotensin, neuropeptide Y, neuropeptide FF, and neurotensin receptor ligands as examples. J. Med. Chem. 59(5), 1925–1945 (2016).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 131. Keller M, Mahuroof SA, Yee VH et al. Fluorescence labeling of neurotensin(8–13) via arginine residues gives molecular tools with high receptor affinity. ACS Med. Chem. Lett. 11(1), 16–22 (2020).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar
• 132. Gaetner FC, Kessler H, Wester HJ, Schwaiger M, Beer AJ. Radiolabelled RGD peptides for imaging and therapy. Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging 39, 126–138 (2012).
  Google Scholar
• 133. Fani M, Maecke HR. Radiopharmaceutical development of radiolabelled peptides. Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging. 39, 11–30 (2012).
  CASGoogle Scholar
• 134. Huhtala T, Weisell J, Rytkonen J, Narvanen A. Peptide labeling strategies for imaging agents. Methods Mol. Biol. 1088, 171–183 (2014).
  Medline CASGoogle Scholar