Patent Review

Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Cerebrovascular Research Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA

* Author for correspondence

Department of Neurological Surgery, Cerebrovascular Research Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.

Department of Molecular Medicine, Cerebrovascular Research Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA

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Email the corresponding author at janigrd@ccf.org

Published Online:2 May 2013https://doi.org/10.4155/ppa.13.16

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Abstract

The immune system evolved to launch effective and specific responses against pathogens. A key feature of this defense mechanism is its ability to differentiate between self and nonself. However, in autoimmune diseases, the host’s immune system fails to discriminate self versus foreign. The CNS is further protected by the blood–brain barrier. In spite of its ‘immune privilege,’ the brain is not protected from autoimmunity; perhaps paradoxically xenoantibodies can be used to treat neurological diseases. We describe patents covering treatment methods for CNS diseases with suspected or demonstrated autoimmune etiology. These include multiple sclerosis and, Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease. The goal is to less invasively, yet efficiently, treat neurological diseases. Although autoimmune responses are often detrimental, recent studies have begun to harness, boost and induce immune responses as a mechanism of treatment. The patents discussed herein highlight new treatments for Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis, and seizure disorders.

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Published online 2 May 2013

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Financial & competing interests disclosure

The research is supported by the NIH grants UH2TR000491, R01NS43284, R41MH093302, R21NS077236, R42MH093302 and R21HD057256, awarded to D Janigro. The authors have no other relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript apart from those disclosed.

No writing assistance was utilized in the production of this manuscript.

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New immunological approaches in treating and diagnosing CNS diseases

Abstract

References